中生代(距今约2.5亿年~距今约6500万年)是中国东南地区构造演化和陆内造山过程的关键时期。1.4亿年前太平洋板块和欧亚板块强烈碰撞,使得上地幔及深部地壳的岩浆混合上涌并冷却,形成花岗闪长岩及其包体。九华山的花岗闪长岩内普遍发育大量暗色包体,这些包体具有细粒岩浆结构,形态以椭圆形和水滴状为主,与花岗闪长岩的接触界线清晰。 这些包体蕴藏着岩浆生成、演化、形成过程等信息,是研究九华山及其周边地区地球深部壳幔作用的重要窗口,也是岩浆混合作用的直接证据,对破译中国东南地区构造演化和陆内造山过程具有重要意义,一直受到岩石学家的重视。
Observation Site of Inclusion in Granodiorite
The Mesozoic (250-65million years ago) is a key period of the tectonic evolution and intracontinental orogeny process in southeastern China. Because of the intense collision between Pacific Plate and Eurasian Plate 140 million years ago, two types of magma were produced respectively in the upper mantle and the deep crust. Then they were mixed, upwelled and cooled down to form granodiorite and enclaves. It can be observed in granodiorite that some dark enclaves are of microgranular igneous texture and oval or drop-shaped. The contact boundary between the enclaves and the granodiorite is very clear.Containing the information about magmatic genesis, evolution and process, these enclaves are the key clews and directive evidences of the interaction between the mantle and the crust in Jiuhuashan and neighboring regions. They are of great importance in researching the tectonic evolution and intracontinental orogeny, and receive much attention from petrologists.
从“天池”南行,上一小台阶,就到了东崖广场。这广场设计精美,既方又圆,四道出口,中有喷水池,明渠半边环绕。四周屋舍鳞次栉比,寺院、民居、宾馆、商店连成一体。广场东为安徽省重点寺院立庵,佛教协会在此办公。
舒潭瀑布由瀑布和舒潭组合而成。瀑布高近30米,宽约2-3米,瀑布台阶上为强抗风化的钾长花岗岩,下为弱抗风化的花岗闪长岩。两者的差异性风化剥蚀形成台阶,山涧流水倾泻形成瀑布。瀑布下为水体冲蚀形成的舒潭,最深处约3.5米,直经约20米。每每皎月当空,舒潭明亮如月,又称“舒潭映月”,是九华山十大胜景之一。
Shutan Waterfall is almost 30 m tall and 2-3 m wide. The rock above the terrace is strong anti-weathering syenogranite, and the rock under the terrace is granodiorite with weak weathering resistance. The differential weathering and denudation of the two rock types formed the terrace and the stream pours down, forming a waterfall. Beneath the waterfall is the Shutan Pond formed by washout. The maximum depth of the pond is 3.5 m and its diameter is about 20 m. In clear nights the pond reflects the bright moon, forming one of the most beautiful sceneries of Jiuhuashan Geopark.
九华山地质公园内自1980年起全面封山育林,严禁砍伐、采挖植物,除毛竹允许间伐外,经济林全部用为风景保护林。当前公园植被覆盖率85.2%,有植物1528种。 九华山植被受海拔变化的影响,垂直分带明显(图示)。您所处海拔为175米,周边植被是以苦槠、青冈、马尾松等植物为主的次生针阔混交林,林内有野猪、雉鸡等野生动物出没。
Vegetation of Jiuhuashan Geopark
The plant vegetation covers 85.2 % of the Jiuhuashan area and owns 1,528 plant species identified, which benefits by completely closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation, and strictly prohibiting felling, digging, cutting down plants in Jiuhuashan Geopark since 1980. Except for intermediate cutting bamboo forests, all of economic forests have been used for the protected scenery forest. Because of altitude effect, the vertical pattern of plant vegetation exists in the Jiuhuashan Geopark. At a site of 175m altitude where you stand, the plant vegetation is secondary broadleaf-conifer mixed forest. It mainly consists of Castanopsis sclerophylla, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Pinus massoniana and etc; and live many wild animals here, such as Sus scrofa and Phasianus colchicus.
独秀峰,是位于莲花峰和天华峰之间的一座山峰。独秀峰海拔1040米,是九华山正长花岗岩风化剥蚀后形成的锥状峰。该峰壁立凌空,一枝独秀,犹如婀娜多姿的少女。登峰顶,既可远眺九华山“峰丘盆”地貌结构,又可近距离欣赏到天华峰,狮子峰和莲花峰的美景,有“九华山后花园”的称号。
Duxiu Peak, located between Lotus Peak and Tianhua Peak, is a cone peak formed by weathering and denudation of syenogranite. With an altitude of 1,040m, the peak rise steeply with unique beauty and seems like a graceful girl. At the top of the peak you can overlook the unique geomorphological structure of mountain-hill-basin of Jiuhuashan and enjoy superlative scenery of Tianhua Peak, the Lion Peak and the Lotus Peak, which enjoys a good reputation of “the backyard garden of Jiuhuashan”.