此处高2.2m,长9m,宽2~5m的花岗石状似玉如意,故称如意石。此为经风、水、冰沿花岗岩内的多组节理进行的反复风化剥蚀、剥落后形成。
Ruyi Rock
The granitic rock here, 2.2m high, 9m long and 2-5m wide, resembles Jade Ruyi, so it is called Ruyi Rock, which was formed through repeatedly weathering, denudation and peeling off by wind, water and ice along groups of joints in granite body.
台湾松Pinus taiwanensis Hayata,也称黄山松,是松科松属,乔木,中国特有树种。台湾松生长在海拔600米以上,针叶2针一束,稍硬直,长7-10厘米;喜光、深根性树种,喜凉润、耐瘠薄,但生长迟缓。台湾松生命力强,枝桠平展、粗韧,树形优美,具有很高的观赏价值。九华山的凤凰松(树龄1400年)、吉祥松、迎客松等景观树都是台湾松的精品代表。
Pinus taiwanensis Hayata
Pinus taiwanensis Hayata, also called Huangshan Pine, is Pinaceae,Pinus and arbor, unique species in China. P. taiwanensis Hayata grows above the altitude of 600m, and each bunch of leaves has two needles, slightly hard and straight, 7-10cm long. It is photophilous with deep root, and it likes cool and moist environment with poor soil tolerance, but it grows slowly. P. taiwanensis Hayata is species that has strong vitality, spreading tenacious branches, gracious tree form, and great aesthetic value. Phoenix Pine (1400 years old), Auspice Pine and Greeting Pine within Jiuhuashan are boutique representatives of P. taiwanensis Hayata.
花台因盛开杜鹃花得名。春季,鸟语花香,生机盎然;夏季,梦幻云海,气势磅礴;秋季,满山红叶,层林尽染;冬季,冰晶世界,纯洁肃穆。
Huatai Four Seasons’ Landscapes
Huatai name is because of blooming Rhododendra. In spring, birds here are twittering and flowers’ fragrance is everywhere with an exuberant appearance; in summer, cloud sea is fantastically fluctuating and magnificent; in autumn, the whole mountain is red leaves and trees are dressed in beautiful colors, in winter, comes world of ice and snow, pure and solemn.
正长花岗岩构成了九华山的主体。岩石的主要矿物有正长石、石英、黑云母等。正长石颜色为浅肉红色。此处岩石矿物颗粒的粒径0.3~5mm之间,属中细粒结构,故称中细粒正长花岗岩。
Medium-fine-grain Syenogranite
Syenogranite makes up of main body of Jiuhuashan Mt.and has main minerals of orthoclase, quartz and biotite. Orthoclase’s colour is light flesh pink. The grain size of the rock minerals here is 0.3-5mm, belonging to medium-fine-grained structure and so, it is called medium-fine-grain syenogranite.
九华山地区受新生代断块活动影响,沿九华山逆断裂带,上盘隆升为山地,形成南北绵延30余公里的九华山大型花岗岩石岭群峰;下盘下降成宽阔绵延起伏的丘陵、盆地。从九华山地质公园游客中心到花台顶峰的6km直线距离,完成了从盆地(平均海拔30m)到丘陵(平均海拔270m)再到山地山峰(平均海拔1000m以上)的地貌变化,即为“峰-丘-盆”的壮美景观。
Jiuhuashan area was impacted by Cenozoic fault-block movement. And hanging side of Jiuhuashan reverse fault zone was uplifted to become mountain land which is Jiuhuashan large-scaled granite peaks and ridges stretching 30km long in south-and-north direction. And heading side declined to become broad and gently rolling hill and basin. Within 6 km straight distance from Tourist Service Center of Jiuhuashan Geopark to Tianhua Peak., landform changes from basin (average altitude: 30m) to hill (average altitude: 270m) and to peak (average altitude: over 1000m), namely a spectacular peak-hill-basin landscape.
南北向九华大断裂的东、西两坡的地形地貌迥异,西坡地形陡峻,石柱、石墙、孤峰、深切沟谷等地貌发育,构造剥蚀景观突出;东坡坡度稍陡,坡形连续,侵蚀、剥蚀型地貌发育。这种断裂两侧、东西坡地形差异的动力一是坡度,二是构造,三是阳光降雨等自然要素,导致两坡地貌动力过程差异产生地貌差异。
Why are landforms on west and east slope of Jiuhuashan Mountains different?
The landforms on east and west slope of south-north Jiuhua Large Fault are different. The west slope is precipitous,and owns spectacular landscapes like stone pillar, stone wall, isolated peak and deep cleugh as well as prominent tectonic denudation landscape. The east slope is little steep, continuous and has eroded landform. Causes of two slopes’ different topography are mainly the followings, firstly gradient, secondly structure and thirdly natural factors like sunlight and rainwater. All of these made differential erosion and produced different landscapes.
九华山大断裂是南北向长33千米,东西向宽10-100米的破碎带。断裂带两侧岩块的错位运动产生次生构造应力场,使断裂带两盘岩石出现节理网络,称为伴生节理,分别是东西向和南北向的两组剪压性节理。九华山大断裂带和两组节理就是九华山花岗岩地形发育的断控节理构造,流水、冰雪、风、重力沿断控节理构造,差异性剥蚀风化剥离九华山花岗岩,塑造出多尺度、多类型的山丘盆地形与花岗岩奇峰异石。
Jiuhuashan Great Fracture is a shuttered zone, 33km long from south to north ,10-100m wide from east to west. The displacement movement of rocks on both sides of the fault zone generates secondary tectonic stress field , causing two sets of rocks of the fault zone to have joints network, called accompanying joints: two groups of shearing compressional joints respectively in east-west direction and in south-north direction. Jiuhuashan Great Fault Zone and two groups of joints are resulted from Jiuhuashan granite landform. Jiuhuashan granite is peeled off through differential erosion and weathering of running water, ice snow, wind and gravity along joint structure, creating diverse mountain-hill-basin terrain and bizarre granite peaks and rocks.
中国著名唐代诗人李白不仅命名了九华山,留下传颂至今的九华山诗篇,且有众多的生活游览遗迹。
A Chinese famous poet in Tang Dynasty Li Bai not only lived and named Jiuhuashan, but also left Jiuhuashan poems eulogized so far and numerous living sites.
太白井:
李白烹泉品茗取水处,宋代开凿成井。太白井为花岗岩裂隙水汇集而成,是典型的基岩裂隙井水,水质优良,常年pH值7.2(弱碱水)。
Taibai Well
Taibai Well is a place where Li Bai got water for drinking tea and was dug into a well in Song Dynasty. Taibai Well collects from granite fissures water which is typical bedrock fissure well water and of good quality with a perennial pH value of 7.2 (alkalescent water).
太白书堂是由李白隐居九华山时(公元755年)的3间茅屋于南宋(公元1237年)改建而成,在原有的基础上保留徽派建筑风格,以纪念李白游九华山。现为九华山重要的人文景观,是瞻仰李白与文人会聚的重要场地。 Taibai Book Hall
Taibai Book Hall, a famous landscape and meeting site of literary intellectuals, is of Huizhou architecture for memorizing Li Bai who visited and stayed in Jiuhuashan in A.D.755. It is a reconstruction of the southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1237) three thatched cottages which Li Bai lived.
古银杏:
树龄1200余岁,传为李白种植。银杏树又名白果树,是第四纪冰川遗留的最古老的裸子植物之一,植物界的“活化石”,世界珍贵树种。
Ancient Gingko biloba
Ancient Gingko biloba, over 1200 years old, is said to be planted by Li Bai. Gingko biloba is also called as maidenhair tree and one of the oldest gymnosperms left after the Quaternary glacier. It is a “Living Fossil” in the plant kingdom and precious tree in the world.
九华老街始建于1600年前,以化城寺为中心的寺庙、徽派建筑自西向东沿串珠状池塘、溪谷展布,街长1370米。数十座历史悠久的寺庙、上百家店铺与民房构成僧俗共处,农-商-禅交融的文化景观,是九华山人文景观荟萃之地,九华山地质公园的璀璨明珠。
Jiuhua Old Street
Jiuhua Old Street: 1370m in length and built up 1600 years ago, consisting of the long historical temples and Huizhou houses and shops distributing from west to east along a toruliform pond valley. The Huacheng temple is its center. All of these buildings and their environment demonstrate a wonderful cultural landscape reflecting the co-existence between monks and laymen and a coordination of agriculture, business and zen. It is a unique treasure of Jiuhuashan Geopark.