冰斗为冰川侵蚀产物，分布于雪线附近。九华冰斗是第四纪古冰川遗迹，为三面环山、后壁陡峻的半圆形洼地，出口有凸起的岩坎，呈匙状地形。九华冰斗内地势平坦，呈串珠状池塘谷地。化城寺为中心的佛教寺庙、徽派建筑顺九华冰斗谷地展布。
Jiuhua Cirque
The glacial cirque is an outcome of glacial erosion and appears near snow line. The Jiuhua cirque, supposed as the Quaternary glacier remains, is a semicircular depression with precipitous back wall on three sides in mountain and an entrance with a front convex rock step, and the whole shape is like spoon-shaped terrain. The Jiuhua cirques with flat interior distribute as toruliform pond valley. Buddhist temples and Huizhou-style architectures around Huacheng Temple distribute along the Jiuhua cirque valley.
花岗岩台地是花岗岩侵入体围岩被剥蚀后出露后的侵蚀剥蚀类平坦地形。插霄峰台地为代表，南北长1000余米，东西宽约19m，两侧为九华断裂峡谷。花岗岩台地是九华山寺庙建筑的优选地形，九华众多佛教名寺建于花岗岩台地，插霄峰台地有百岁宫，这里可远眺九华山天台、花台花岗岩奇峰异石、云雾景观。
Granite Terrace (Chaxiao Peak Terrace)
Granite terrace is a denudated flat terrain of granite after the surrounding rocks of granite intrusive body were eroded off. As a representative, Chaxiao Peak Terrace extends more than 1000m long from south to north, and about 19m wide from east to west with Jiuhua fault canyons in both sides. The granite terrace is a favorable site for Jiuhuashan temples and many famous temples here have been built up on granite terraces, such as Baisui Palace on Chaxiao Peak Terrace, where people can view spectacular granite stones and peaks in both Tiantai and Huatai scenic spots in Jiuhuashan as well as wonderful cloud and mist landscape.
百岁宫始建于1579年（明代），又称摘星庵、万年禅寺，列入全国重点寺院名录。百岁宫坐落于九华山插霄峰花岗岩台地，是典型的皖南民居式的五层寺庙，主体建筑利用南至北坡降的地形，楼层由低而高，主房梁镶嵌于坚硬花岗岩上。远观其似通天拔地的古代城堡。这种建筑形式在中国现存寺庙建筑中极少见，是岩石与建筑、建筑与山峰的有机结合。
Baisui Palace and Its Architectural Structure
Baisui Palace, built in 1579 (Ming Dynasty), also called Zhaixing Temple and Wannian Temple, is listed as national key temple. Located on granite terrace of Chaxiao Peak of Jiuhuashan. Baisui Palace is a typical style of southern Anhui residential-dwelling temple with five storeys. The storeys of the main building are built up from lower place north to higher place south with main beams inlaid into hard granite. Viewing from afar, it is like a rising ancient castle. The such style of architecture is very rare in extant Chinese temples and wonderfully combined with rock and peaks.
杜鹃Rhododendron simsii Planch，常绿灌木，花期5～6月，一株花朵几十朵至上百千朵，呈冠状。九华山杜鹃品种有映山红、满山红、马银花、六月杜鹃、天目杜鹃等，杜鹃花颜色艳丽多样，有白色、粉红色、黄色、紫色、红色等。九华山杜鹃灌丛从山麓至山顶均有分布，花台、翠盖峰、独秀峰最宜观赏杜鹃景观。
Landscape of Jiuhuashan Rhododendron simsii Planch
Rhododendron simsii Planch is evergreen shrub with two months’flower season from May to June. And each tree has dozens to hundreds of flowers forming a coronary shape. The species of R. simsii in Jiuhuashan include azalea, R. dauricum, R. ovatum, June R. and R. fortune, etc,demonstrating diverse colors: white, pink, yellow, purple and red and so on. Jiuhuashan Rhododendron bushes spread from piedmont to the mountain summit; and Huatai, Cuigai Peak and Duxiu Peak are most suitable to enjoy the Rhododendron landscape.
为什么光秃、陡峻的九华山花岗岩岩体有繁茂的植被？这是花岗岩节理裂隙的功劳。九华山花岗岩的节理裂隙一方面为种子发芽、根系生长提供空间环境，另一方面节理裂隙中的泥土和水分提供植物生长的养分。同时，植物生长也会加速裂隙发育与岩石风化，增加新的空间与养分，这是生物物理与化学风化作用。
The Joints and Plant Growth
Why can lush vegetation grow on bald precipitous granite rocks in Jiuhuashan? That thanks to the granite joint fissures which provide space for seed germination and root growth, and on the other hand, the mud and water within joint fissures provide nutrients for the growth of plants. At the same time, the growth of plants accelerates the development of fissures and weathering of rocks, and increases new space and nutrients, which are biophysical and chemical weathering.
为什么九华山有些岩石是肉红色？这种岩石是正长花岗岩，肉红色来自主要矿物钾长石，其他主要矿物有粒状白色透明的石英，黑色黑云母。这三种矿物是正长花岗岩的主要矿物。矿物粒径5～10mm。
Syenogranite
Why do some rocks in Jiuhuashan appear flesh pink? This kind of rock is syenogranite. And its flesh pink color comes from the main mineral potassium feldspar. Other main minerals are white granular transparent quartz and black biotite. The three minerals make up main part of syenogranite of 5～10mm mineral grain sizes.
正长花岗岩主要矿物成分是肉红色正长石、白色石英、黑色黑云母。花岗岩英文名称granite，源自拉丁文granum，意指颗粒，granite即指组成花岗岩的矿物是颗粒状。岩石矿物粒径不同就有不同的岩石名称。矿物粒径5～10mm的花岗岩叫粗粒花岗岩，0.3～3mm的叫细粒花岗岩。此处细粒正长花岗岩呈脉状侵入早期的粗粒正长花岗岩。
Fine-Grain Syenogranite
The main minerals of syenogranite are flesh pink orthoclase, white quartz and black biotite. The name granite stems from Latin granum meaning grain. Granite means that it is comprised of granular minerals. Rock minerals with different grain sizes result in different rock names. The granite of 5～10mm mineral grain sizes is called as coarse-grain granite, 0.3～3mm one called as fine-grain granite. Here, the fine-grain syenogranite in rock vein invaded into early coarse-grain syenogranite
风化壳是地表上不连续的原岩原地的残积物堆积层。上是土状碎屑，往下碎屑颗粒增加，粒度变大，再往下为岩石碎块至完整岩石，这是风化壳剖面分层。风化壳是地表岩石经水、气、生物等物理、化学作用（风化作用）后残留形成。原岩中易风化、易流失的矿物、化学成分被风化流失，而耐风化、难流失的矿物、成分就残留，如花岗岩中的黑云母、长石可能先风化为碎屑、土，而耐风化的石英就残留。九华山风化壳是花岗岩风化后残留的碎屑与石英颗粒组成的碎屑堆积层，是植被生长与水分保持的基础物质。
Weathered Crust
Weathered crust is a discontinuous layer of autochthonous debris from weathered protolith. The its upper layer is earthy debris and the down one contains more and larger granular debris, and further down, debris materials are more rock fragments until to the whole rock, that is weathered crust profile. The weathered crust results from physical and chemical weathering of water, air, creatures and so on. Those
protolith’s minerals and chemical compositions weak against the weathering, like biotite and feldspar in granite, are easily weathered and lost; while those strong against weathering, like quartz, will be residuum to being main composition of debris. The Jiuhuashan weathered crust of granite mainly consists of quartz granules and debris, which are basic substance for plant growth and water conservation.
这里为什么有如儿童垒砌积木般的石头阵？它是花岗岩岩体被垂直方向和水平方向的节理交叉切割，再经风、水、冰、重力等的差异性风化剥离、分割出的较为规则的立方体石块的堆砌景观。
Natural Blocks Game: Granitic Blocks-piled up landscape
Why are there stacked rocks here as blocks game played by children? Being cross-incised by vertical and horizontal joints, and through differential weathering and stripping off by wind, water, ice and gravity and so on, granitic regular cubic rocks were produced and accumulated to form natural blocks game.
①发现有泥石流迹象，应设法从房屋里跑到开阔地带，观察地形，向沟谷两侧山坡或高地跑。不要顺沟方向逃生，切忌在泥石流中横渡。②逃生时，要抛弃一切影响奔跑速度的物品；③不要躲在有滚石和大量堆积物的陡峭山坡下面；④不要停留在低洼的地方，也不要攀爬到树上躲避。⑤不要停留在河道拐弯的凹岸或地方狭小的凸岸，这些地方容易受泥石流的冲刷淤埋，是危险地带。
九华山特有的森林景观，由原生的台湾松Pinus taiwanensis Hayata为主要树种的针叶林群落，林下有杜鹃Rhododendron simsii Planch灌丛，分布于九华山海拔900-1000米。台湾松是中国特有松属乔木树种，树形优美，生命力强，枝桠平展、粗韧。林内有野猪、白鹇、松鼠等野生动物出没。
Landscape of Pinus taiwanensis Hayata Community
As a unique forest landscape in Jiuhuashan, it is a coniferous forest community consisting of key species of protogenetic P. taiwanensis Hayata. Under its canopée is bush of Rhododendron simsii Planch. The such coniferous forest community distributes in altitude 900-1000m here. P. taiwanensis Hayata is unique Pinus arbor species in China with graceful tree form, strong vitality, spreading and tenacious branches.Wild animals like wild boars, Lophura nycthemera and squirrels appear here.
九华山是观赏和拍摄山地云海景观的最佳地点。云海作为特色气象景观是一定条件下形成的低于山顶高度的飘逸云层被人从高处俯首观赏，漫无边际的云层置于绿色山峰群岭之中，宛如临于大海之滨的人眺望蓝色海洋，故称“云海”。九华山云海主要发生在雨雪新霁之后，云海与奇松怪石交辉相映，蔚为壮观。
The Best Photography Spot for Cloud Sea
Jiuhuashan is the best place to enjoy and take photos of mountainous Cloud Sea landscape, a floating cloud layer forming under certain conditions as a special meteorological landscape below the mountain summit. When people on high spot overlooks, the boundless cloud layer is floating into green peaks and ridges, seeming that a person standing by coast view blue ocean, and it is why it is called Cloud Sea. Jiuhuashan Cloud Sea mainly happens in the sunny day right after sleet. Cloud Sea,bizarre pines and grotesque rocks enhance each other's beauty, rather spectacular and magnificent.