什么是地质遗迹？
地质遗迹是指在地球演化的漫长地质历史时期，由于内外地质作用，形成、发展并遗留下来的珍贵的、不可再生的地质自然遗产。
1. What is Geosite?
Geosite refers to the valuable and nonrenewable natural heritages formed, developed and left behind by both endogenic and exogenic geological processes during the long geological history of the earth' s evolution.
广东揭西黄满寨省级地质公园地质遗迹
Geosites in Guangdong Jiexi Huangmanzhai Provincial Geopark
公园内地质遗迹景观丰富，类型多样。含5大类、9个类、10个亚类，共计52处地质遗迹景观资源。
Guangdong Jiexi Huangmanzhai Provincial Geopark boasts abundant geosites with diverse types. The geosites can be divided into 5 main categories, 9 categories and 10 subcategories. There are about 52 geosites in the Geopark.
广东揭西黄满寨省级地质公园地质遗迹资源分类一览表
List of main geosites in Guangdong Jiexi Huangmanzhai Provincial Geopark
广东揭西黄满寨省级地质公园位于广东省揭西县南山镇、京溪园镇和五经富镇境内。分为黄满寨景区和百潭谷景区，总面积29.4km2，其中黄满寨景区面积16.96km2，百潭谷景区面积12.44km2。公园是以典型的地层剖面和镶嵌在深山峡谷中的多级瀑布群为特色，兼碎屑岩地貌景观、火山熔岩地貌景观、构造地貌景观、地质灾害遗迹景观等多种地质遗迹景观，以及潮汕文化、客家文化、红色文化于一体的中型省级地质公园。
Guangdong Jiexi Huangmanzhai Provincial Geopark is located in Nanshan town, Jingxi Park town and Wujingfu Town in Jiexi County, Guangdong Province. with a total area of 29.4 square kilometers, the Geopark consists of Huangmanzhai Scenic Area and Baitan Valley scenic area. The Huangmanzhai Scenic Area covers an area of 16.96 square kilometers and the Baitan Valley scenic area covers an area of 12.44 square kilometers. The Geopark is a medium-sized provincial geopark that integrates geosite landscape, Chaoshan culture, Hakka culture and red culture. The Geopark possesses many geosite landscapes like clastic rock landscape, volcanic lava landform, tectonic landform landscape and geological disaster relic landscape, and it is characterized by typical stratigraphic section and multistep waterfall groups.
黄满寨瀑布群集天下瀑布之大成，在不到1000m的河床自上而下分布了五级瀑布，落差约300m。瀑布群镶嵌于深山峡谷之中，景色清荣峻茂。野芳发而幽香，佳木秀而繁阴，宛如世外桃源。
Huangmanzhai waterfall group is the most complete waterfall in the world, with five step waterfalls distributed from the top to the bottom of the riverbed which is less than 1000m long, with a drop of about 300m. The waterfalls are embedded in the deep mountains and valleys with majestic scenery. Wild plants send out delicate fragrance, and lush trees are verdant and shady, just like an idyllic paradise.
一级瀑布是飞虹瀑布，宽82m、落差56m，以排山倒海之势、雷霆万钧之力气撼山岳，被誉为“岭南第一瀑”。
The first-step waterfall is Rainbow waterfall, 82m wide with a drop of 56m. It is known as "The First Waterfall in the South of Five Ridges", shaking mountains with the overwhelming force of a thunderbolt.
二级瀑布是银河崆瀑布，像繁星洒落人间，瀑布落差约8m，宽约5m。
The second-step waterfall is Yinhekong waterfall, 5m wide with a drop of about 8m, resembling sparkling stars.
三级瀑布是落九天瀑布，似银河倒泻、巨练悬天，落差约120m。
The third-step waterfall is Luojiutian waterfall, which is like the Milky Way pouring from the heaven, with a drop of about 120m.
四级瀑布是温柔多情、与游人依依相恋的三叠瀑布，自上而下分布为一、二、三叠，第一叠落差约8m，宽约5m；第二叠落差约6m，宽约4.5m；第三叠落差约10m，宽约5m。
The fourth-step waterfall is the gentle and sentimental Three cascades waterfall, which is distributed from top to bottom in three falls. The first fall is about 5m wide with a drop of about 8m; the second fall is about 4.5m wide with a drop of about 6m; the third fall is about 5m wide with a drop of about 10m.
五级瀑布是似万颗珍珠倒斗里的斗方崆瀑布，瀑布落差约5m，宽约2m。
The fifth-step waterfall is Doufangkong waterfall, about 2m wide with a drop of about 5m, resembling thousands of pearls poured into a hopper.
瀑布指从山壁上或河床突然降落的地方流下的水，远看好像挂着的白布。在地质学上叫跌水，即河水在流经断层、凹陷等地区时垂直地从高空跌落的现象。
A waterfall is the water that suddenly falls from a mountain wall or a riverbed, like a hanging white cloth when looked from afar. Geologically, it is also referred to as cataract. It is the phenomenon of river water dropping vertically from a high altitude as it flows through faults, depressions, etc.
砾岩是一种由圆浑状的砾石（粒径大于2mm）胶结而成的岩石，是圆状和次圆状的砾石占岩石总量30%以上的碎屑岩。砾岩中碎屑组分主要是岩屑，只有少量矿物碎屑，填隙物为砂、粉砂、粘土物质和化学沉淀物质。
The conglomerate is a type of rock cemented by round gravel (diameter more than 2mm). It is a clastic rock with round and sub-round gravels accounting for more than 30% of the total rock mass. The clastic components in the conglomerate are mainly rock debris, with only a small amount of mineral detritus. Interstitial materials are sand, silty sand, clay material and chemical precipitates.