河曲又称曲流，为河道弯曲，形如蛇行的河段，多见于河流的中下游。当河床坡度减小，河流的下蚀作用减弱，而侧蚀作用明显，河流不断地侵蚀河岸、扩展河床，致使河道发生弯曲，形成曲流。
Meander refers to the reach that bends like a snake, which usually can be found in the middle and lower reaches of rivers. As the gradient slackens, the erosion effect of the river decreases, while the lateral erosion effect become more obvious. As a result, the river constantly erodes the river bank and expands the riverbed, causing the river to bend and forming meanders.
坡立谷又称岩溶盆地或岩溶平原，指喀斯特区宽阔而平坦的谷地。谷地两侧多被峰林夹峙，谷坡急陡，但谷底平坦，横剖面如槽形。谷地内常有过境河穿过，由谷地一端流出，至另一端潜入地下。在河流作用下，谷地迅速扩大，堆积了较厚层的冲积物。此外，还保留着石灰岩残积红土以及低矮的石灰岩孤峰或残丘。
Polje, also known as karst basin or karst plain, refers to the wide and flat valley in karst areas. The two sides of the valley are often imbedded by the peak forest, with steep brae , flat valley and sulciform cross section . There is often a passing river running through the valley from one side to the other side and dive into the underground. Under the action of rivers, the valley expands rapidly, accumulating thicker alluvial deposits. In addition, there also reserved residual limestone eluvial laterite and low limestone peaks or residual hills.
泗孟，在壮语里寓意为“四季都好看的地方”。层峦叠嶂的山峰，错落有致的农田，霞光穿过群山的臂膀，拥抱这一片美丽田园，像久未相逢的恋人甜蜜依偎着。田园亮眼，山水宜心。到泗孟田园，体验如世外桃源般的美丽与温情。
Simeng, in Zhuan language, means a place that is beautiful in four seasons. There are precipitous peaks, scattered fields, with rays of sunlight passing through the arms of the mountains to embrace this beautiful field, it looks like old lovers' sweet snuggle who have been apart for a long time. The beautiful countryside scenery is bright; the landscape is pleasant. Entering the Simeng field, you can experience the beauty and affection of utopia.
泗孟田园东面不到两公里的地方有著名的坡锐天坑群，其中以坡锐天坑和弄昆天坑最为壮观。泗孟田园风光由峰丛与溶蚀洼地共生，构成峰丛-洼地组合景观。孤峰残丘也是具有代表性的地质遗迹，孤峰基座独立，周围被梯田包裹，残峰孤立挺拔，巍峨高俊。
The famous Porui Tiankeng group locates less than two kilometers to the east of Simeng field, among which the most spectacular ones are Porui Tiankeng and Nongkun Tiankeng. The rural scenery of Simeng is a combination of peak cluster and solution depression, forming a landscape of peak cluster--depression. Monadnock is also the representative geosite. The base of monadnock is independent and surrounded by terraces, the residual peak stands alone gracefully and steadily.
天坑是指具有庞大容积、陡峭而圈闭岩壁的一种特大型喀斯特负地形。发育在厚度巨大、地下水位极深的可溶性岩层中，从地下通往地面，平均宽度与深度均大于100米，底部与地下河相连接。东兰地区有著名的坡锐天坑和仙乐洞天坑，宏伟壮观，美妙绝伦。
Tiankeng refers to the oversize karst negative landform, with huge volume, steep but trapped palisades. It is developed in a tremendous thick soluble stratum with extremely deep underground water. The average width and depth are more than 100 meters from the underground to the ground, with the bottom connected to the underground river. The famous Tiankeng in Donglan are Porui Tiankeng and Xianledong Tiankeng, which are magnificent and wonderful.
坡锐天坑群规模大、分布密集、独具特色，其中最具代表性的坡锐天坑深度约422米，为国内罕见。天坑四沿绝壁环绕，岩壁陡峭，形如刀削，宏伟壮观。原始植被茂密葱茏，多脊柱动物和花朵等动植物。
Porui Tiankeng group has unique characteristics of large scale and dense distribution. The most representative one is Porui Tiankeng with a depth of about 422 meters, which is rarely seen in China.
东兰国家地质公园位于广西西部，右江盆地的西北部，其演化史经历了加里东运动、华力西运动、印支运动、燕山运动、喜马拉雅运动和新构造运动。
Donglan National Geopark is located in the west of Guangxi province, northwest of Youjiang basin. As for its evolution history, it has undergone Caledonian movement, Variscan orogeny, Indosinian movement, Yanshan movement, Himalayan orogeny and Neotectonic movement.
加里东运动后期、华力西运动及印支运动中前期的时间为2.22～4.05亿年前，本区一直处于海相沉积。印支后期运动使三叠系和上古生界地层强烈褶皱隆起成陆并遭受剥蚀。
In the late period of Caledonian movement, early and middle period of Variscan orogeny and Indosinian movement, which are 222 to 405 million years ago, this region kept the process of marine deposition. The Triassic and upper Paleozoic strata are strongly folded and uplifted because of the late Indosinian movement, then forming the land and suffered denudation.
燕山运动初期，区域内大体保持或继承前期的特点，地壳继续下沉，沉积了很厚的类复理石建造。到了中期及2.08亿年前左右，结束了区域内海相沉积的历史，上升成为侵蚀区，缺失侏罗一第三纪地层。喜马拉雅运动、新构造运动至今，地层以上升运动为主，使得区内岩溶形态总的特征主要表现为垂直形态。
沉陷期形成的地层以灰岩、白云岩、硅质岩、碎屑岩、砂砾岩为主，普遍经受侵蚀作用，故而地貌上与峰丛相伴而生的洼地景观占主导，溶洞发育的成层特性明显，最终形成了典型的岩溶地貌。
In the early period of Yanshan movement, the early characteristics in the region were generally maintained or inherited. The crust kept subsiding and thick sub-flysch formation was deposited. By the middle period, about 208 million years ago, the history of Marine facies deposition in the region was ended, and this region rose to become the eroded area, thus the Jurassic - Tertiary strata is missing. Since the Himalayan orogeny and Neotectonic movement, the strata has been dominated by uplifting movement, so that the general characteristics of karst morphology in the region are mainly vertical form. The stratum formed during the subsidence period are mainly composed by limestone, dolomite, silicalite, clasolite and glutenite. Under the effect of erosion, the main landscape is valley landscape accompanied by peak cluster, the stratification characteristics of karst caves are obvious, a typical karst landform is eventually formed.
在漫长的地质年代里，地球上曾经生活过无数的生物，这些生物死亡之后的遗体或是生活时遗留下来的痕迹被称为化石。通过研究化石，我们可以逐渐认识过去生物的形态、结构、类别，推测出亿万年来生物起源、演化及发展的过程，恢复漫长的地质历史时期各个阶段地球的生态环境。因此，化石是地球生命的忠实记录者。
In the long geological age, countless creatures lived on the earth. After their death, the remains of these creatures or the traces left are called fossils. By researching fossils, we can get to know the biomorph, structure and category of the creatures lived long ago. And then we can speculate the origin, evolution and development of creatures during billions years, and to infer the ecological environment of the earth in various stages of the long period of geological history. Therefore, fossils are faithful recorders of life on earth.
具有坚硬部分，如壳、骨、牙或木质组织的硬体生物，在死亡后没有被压碎或腐烂、风化，被某种能够阻碍分解的物质迅速埋藏起来，经过长期埋藏并发生石化作用，最终形成化石。东兰国家地质公园有珍贵的化石遗迹-兰木化石群，菊石作为最典型的代表，生存于泥盆纪至白垩纪，是已绝灭的海生无脊椎动物化石。
After the death of those creatures which have hard part, such as shell, bone or woody tissue, instead of being crushed, decaying or weathering, they were quickly buried by some materials that prevent decomposition . After a long period of burial and lithification, there eventually became the fossils. There are precious fossils in Donglan National Geopark, such as Lanmu fossil group, among which ammonite is the most representative one, which lived from Devonian to Cretaceous and is a kind of extinct Marine invertebrate fossil.
东兰国家地质公园兰木化石群主要以菊石为主，品种繁多，其中Protrachyceras、Joannites两属频繁出现，是世界各地海相拉丁期地层中的常见属。我国拉丁期菊石的分布较局限，产出的Protrachyceras ladinum Mojs、Joannites kossmati Diener现尚见于我国西藏阿里地区南部的拉丁期地层。兰木化石群不仅丰富了我国拉丁期菊石群的内容，同时对于区域地层的划分、对比及古环境、古地理的研究均有重要的意义。
There are many types of fossils in Mulan fossil group of Donglan National Geopark, among which ammonite is the most typical type. The most common category are Protrachyceras and Joannites, which are common in Marine facies Latin strata formation around the world.
地壳稳定，外营力作用于起伏的地表，使其削高填洼逐渐变为平面，形成准平原。随后地壳抬升，准平原受切割破坏，残留在山顶或山坡上的准平原，称为夷平面。如果山地曾发生多次间歇性上升，将会形成若干个分布在不同高度的夷平面，这种多层地形是判断区域间歇性升降运动的重要标志。
When the crust is stable, under the effect of external geologic agent, the rolling surface of the earth gradually become the peneplain. With the uplift of the crust, the peneplain is cut and damaged, those which are left on the top of the mountain or on the hillside, are known as the planation surface. If the mountain has experienced several intermittent uplifts, several planation surfaces will be formed at different heights. This multilayered terrain is an important sign to judge regional intermittent uplift and drop movement.
早期，地壳抬升，裂隙发育，地下河水溶蚀山体，将山体内部掏空，形成地下溶洞。在流水长时间冲刷作用下，溶洞所在山体发生坍塌，最终前后相通。后因地壳继续抬升、地下水位不断下降而逐渐显露于地表。
In early stage, with the rising of crust and the development of cracks, the underground water eroded and hollowed the mountain, forming the underground karst cave. Under a long time of water erosion, the mountain where the cave lies collapsed and eventually connected the anterior and posterior cave. Later, it is gradually exposed to the surface because the crust continues to lift and the underground water level drops gradually.