梅花山最高峰狗子脑海拔1811m，为闽西第一高峰，以狗子脑和将军山为中心形成放射状水系，成为福建省三大水系闽江、汀江、九龙江的主要发源地之一。

梅花山的山体为花岗岩，其形成构造背景多样性（早古生代陆内造山、印支碰撞造山以及古太平洋板块俯冲等）、时代多样性（早古生代、三叠纪、晚侏罗世、白垩纪）、岩石类型多样性（片麻状花岗岩、含钾长石巨晶的二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩到含晶洞的碱性长石花岗岩），是华南多时代花岗岩的缩影和典型代表，具有世界级意义。后期风化作用，使花岗岩形成独具特色的花岗岩山岳-石蛋地貌。

普遍分布的花岗岩风化壳为动植物的生长提供了养分，梅花山森林覆盖率达 95.4%，是闽西生物多样性最为丰富的地区，有1869种维管植物、362种脊椎动物和近2000种昆虫在这里世代繁衍，是钟萼木、南方红豆杉、华南虎和金斑喙凤蝶等珍稀动植物的家园。

Gouzinao, the highest peak of Meihuashan Mountain, with an altitude of 1811m, is the highest peak in Western Fujian. The water system of radial pattern is formed with Gouzinao and Jiangjunshan mountain at the center, becoming one of the main sources of the three major water systems in Fujian Province, namely Minjiang River, Tingjiang River and Jiulongjiang River.

The body of Meihuashan Mountain is granite. Its diverse tectonic setting (Early Paleozoic intracontinental orogeny, Indosinian collision orogeny and Paleo-Pacific plate subduction), multi-ages (Early Paleozoic, Triassic, late Jurassic, Cretaceous), and various rock types (gneissic granite, monzogranite containing K-feldspar megacrysts, syenogranite, granodiorite and miarolitic alkaline feldspar granite),are the microcosm and typical representative of the multi-stage granites in South China, which has got international geological significance. The weathering in the later stage makes granite form a unique granite peaks and spheroidal stone landform.

The widely distributed granite weathering crust provides nutrients for the growth of animals and vegetation. The forest coverage of Meihuashan Mountain is 95.4%. It is the area with the richest biodiversity in Western Fujian. There are 1869 vascular plants, 362 vertebrates and nearly 2000 kinds of insects living here for generations. It is the home of rare animals and plants, such as Bretschneidera sinensis, Taxus chinensis, South China Tiger and Teinopalpus aureus.