汉绣,中国特色传统刺绣工艺之一,2008年6月7日,汉绣经国务院批准列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。是以楚绣为基础,融汇南北诸家绣法之长,揉合出了富有鲜明地方特色的新绣法。从春秋中期到战国时,楚国的刺绣品已远销到西伯利亚地区,其丝织业足以代表春秋中期我国丝织品工艺技术的最高水平,清末民初汉绣达到了鼎盛时期。
汉绣采用了一套铺、平、织、间、压、缆、掺、盘、套、垫、扣的针法,以“平金夹绣”为主要表现形式,分层破色、层次分明,对比强烈,下针果断,图案边缘齐整,名之曰“齐针”。绣品多从外围启绣,然后层层向内走针,进而铺满绣面。除“齐针”的基本针法外,汉绣还根据绣品不同的质地和花纹,灵活运用诸如垫针绣、铺针绣、纹针绣、游针绣、关针绣、润针绣、凸针绣、堆金绣、双面绣等针法,富有很强的立体感,在绣业中独树一帜。
③Han Embroidery
Han Embroidery is one of the Chinese traditional embroidery techniques. On June 7, 2008, Han Embroidery was listed in the second batch of National Intangible Cultural Heritage list. It is based on Chu Embroidery, combining the specialties of northern and southern embroidery, finally, a new embroidery technology with distinct local characteristics was created. From the mid-Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, the embroidery products of Chu State had been exported to the Siberian, and its silk industry was enough to represent the highest level of China's silk technology in the mid-Spring and Autumn Period, and Han Embroidery reached its heyday in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.
Han Embroidery uses a lot of stitches, is characterized by distinct layers, strong contrast and neat edge. Embroidery products is starting from the outside to the inner, finally covered with the surface. Apart from the basic stitch, according to the different texture and pattern of embroidery products, Han Embroidery uses different stitches flexibly, making the works more perfect.